The World Bank warned Wednesday of a deepening economic crisis in the occupied West Bank if the Palestinian Authority and Israel do not resolve a dispute over tax transfers.
Israel collects around $190 million a month in customs duties levied on goods destined for Palestinian markets that transit through its ports, and then transfers the money to the PA.
In February, Israel decided to deduct around $10 million a month from the revenues – the sum the PA paid families of prisoners or prisoners themselves serving time in Israeli jails – prompting the Palestinians to refuse any funds at all.
Israel sees the payments to those who have carried out attacks against Israelis as encouraging further violence. The PA describes the payments as a form of welfare, while Palestinians venerate prisoners jailed by Israel as heroes for their cause. In its Wednesday report, the World Bank said the unresolved standoff deepened a “fiscal crisis” that could increase the PA’s financial gap from $400 million in 2018 to one “exceeding $1 billion in 2019.”
“This is expected to choke economic activity, threatening to push the West Bank into negative growth,” the World Bank said.
“A resolution to the stand-off over clearance revenues is essential,” it said, referring to the tax transfers.
The bank also called for a change in Israel’s restrictions on Palestinian imports of so-called “dual-use goods” – products and technologies that can be used both for civilian and military purposes. Israel bans 56 items from the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, and an additional 62 to Gaza only.
It has fought three wars with Palestinian militants in Gaza since 2008 and maintains a blockade on the enclave run by Islamist movement Hamas.
As a result of the restrictions, “the Palestinian economy is unable to access key production inputs and modern technology, challenging its ability to expand its production frontier and grow in a sustainable manner,” the report said.
The World Bank estimated that easing restrictions on such goods “could bring additional six-percent growth in the West Bank economy and 11 percent in Gaza by 2025.”
The bank’s report will be presented to the international donor group for Palestinians, known as the Ad Hoc Liaison Committee, at its meeting in Brussels on April 30.
It also noted “a continuous decline in real per capita income and a further rise in unemployment and poverty” in the Palestinian territories, with 52 percent of Gaza’s labor force jobless in 2018.
The Palestinian Authority has seen a dramatic drop in direct foreign aid, which has gone from 10 percent of gross domestic product five years ago to 3.5 percent last year.
In 2018, the United States cut hundreds of millions of dollars in Palestinian aid.
