Raja Javed Ali Bhatti
European Union’s announcement of commissioning an Instrument in Support of Trade Exchanges (INSTEX) with Iran in the context of Iran Nuclear Deal, formally known is JCPOA, has draw attentions internationally. The reason and logic beyond this mechanism can be explained as follow:
It is important for EU to pave the way for the implementation of JCPOA, and inter alia, lifting of international sanctions against Iran. This shows how vital this treaty is for Europe. Since, JCPOA is the result of EU independent and active diplomacy as a Coherent entity. Above this, JCPOA is a symbolic achievement for EU foreign policy.
US unilateral withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal (JCPOA) was ignoring more than one decade of continuous multilateral negotiations and applying peaceful solutions to international disputes. EU has been a vital and active part of these negotiations to boost up multilateralism and peace-keeping via diplomacy and international law.Also,re-imposing unilateral sanctions against Iran after the UNSC 2231 (20 July 2015) lifting UN sanctions was an evident violation of a credible global Resolution and rejection of international enforcement laws.
US unilateralism is part of its hegemonic approach towards international relations and EU which is trying to actively take part in international order, might not be satisfied with this approach. Efforts made by EU including defining new channels for Trade with Iran, can be analyzed in this context.
Now what is the reaction of Iran? Javad Zarif, foreign Minister of Iran twitted today: “Iran welcomes #INSTEX-a long overdue 1st step-in E3 implementation of May 2018 commitments to save JCPOA by ensuring dividends for Iranians after US’ illegal reimposition of sanctions. We remain ready for constructive engagement with Europe on equal footing & with mutual respect”.
That means Iran has been waiting for this independent rescues operation for JCPOA from Europe sooner.
Now that the EU is taking pragmatic steps to boost up its trade cooperation (import and export) and financial exchange with Iran, it’s time for other countries to stop referring to USA sanctions for not cooperating Iran in trade and business. Pakistan can also improve its economic and financial cooperation with Iran, including banking trans-action and Iran-Pakistan Gas Pipeline, according to its own national interests.
EU launches mechanism to bypass US sanctions on Iran
EU opens new channel for humanitarian trade with Iran, showing its willingness to stand against US policies.
FAST FACTS
Mechanism to skirt US sanctions for medical, food trade
Will take months to become operational
Iran must create mirror system to enable transactions
EU-Iran tensions rising over missiles, regional activity
The European Union has announced the setting up of a payment mechanism to secure trade with Iran and skirt US sanctions after Washington pulled out of the landmark nuclear deal last May.
The proposal of a financial instrument has been a key element in the EU’s strategy to keep Iran from quitting the 2015 nuclear agreement, which was signed to prevent Tehran from building nuclear weapons in exchange for sanctions relief.
The new institution, named INSTEX – Instrument In Support Of Trade Exchanges – will allow trade between the EU and Iran without relying on direct financial transactions. It is a project of the governments of France, Germany and Britain and will receive the formal endorsement of all 28 EU members.
The administration of US President Donald Trump has been closely eyeing European efforts to establish the financial mechanism and warned any attempt to evade its “maximum pressure” campaign on Iran would be subject to stiff penalties.
The mechanism is the first concrete step by the EU to counter Trump’s unilateral decision to withdraw from the nuclear deal.
Iran and EU announced the plan to set up a legal entity in September last year to circumvent US sanctions, which has largely succeeded in preventing European firms from investing in the country.
On Thursday, Iran’s Deputy Foreign Minister for Political Affairs said the Special Purpose Vehicle will serve as the first step in the collection of commitments of Europeans towards Tehran.
“We hope they will be fully implemented and will not be incomplete,” Abbas Araqchi told the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Broadcasting (IRIB) Channel One on Thursday.
INSTEX will initially be used for non-sanctionable trade, including humanitarian goods such as medicine, food and medical devices. Some have questioned whether it will prove effective.
“If [the mechanism] will permanently be restricted to solely humanitarian trade, it will be apparent that Europe will have failed to live up to its end of the bargain for Iran,” political analyst Mohammad Ali Shabani
Foad Izadi, a professor at the University of Tehran, offered a similar analysis.
“I don’t think the EU is either willing or able to stand up to Trump’s threat,” he said. “The EU is not taking the nuclear deal seriously and it’s not taking any action to prove to Iran otherwise… People are running out of patience.”
Esfandyar Batmanghelidj, founder of a Europe-Iran business forum, however, said the role of new payment channel should not be undermined given the pivotal role that medicines play as a trade category between Europe and Iran.
In 2017, the export of drugs from Europe to Iran totalled $884m compared with $194m from China and $52m from India, according to UN data.
Why Iranian women are among the most vulnerable to US sanctions
As Batmanghelidj pointed out, even if limited, the mechanism could eventually pave the way for further advancement.
“The value of it is to give the EU an opportunity to learn how to operate properly, and then create [a mechanism] for more strategic sectors. It could turn into a pilot that the US would find difficult to target with political legitimacy given its humanitarian focus,” said Batmanghelidj.
“What seems a limitation, could turn into a strength.”
Opportunity for EU
The launching of INSTEX is not only a matter of Iran-EU relations but also embodies a new approach by the bloc towards US policies, according to Batmanghelidj.
INSTEX “becomes an opportunity when it’s understood as an experiment and as part of a bigger project to strengthen EU economic power”, he said.
“What is relevant in this case is to see that the EU is doing something despite the position of the US, and in opposition to the US. This is something new.”
Witnessing the effect of US secondary sanctions on non-US firms, EU leaders are becoming more aware of the necessity to strengthen the eurozone, as German Chancellor Angela Merkel stated in her speech in Davos at the recent World Economic Forum.
“This [mechanism] is at most going to be a baby step towards international financial structures that would give the EU more independence,” said Henry Farrell, a professor of political science at George Washington University, in a social media post.
In the meantime, Iranians are waiting for their European partners to salvage the nuclear deal. But as Ali Akbar Salehi, the head of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, recently warned, the EU needs to step up “before it is too late”.”We [Iran] will be losing trust and once the trust is lost, everybody will be a loser in the game,” Salehi said.
